Compare Liechtenstein (2002) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2008)

Compare Liechtenstein (2002) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2008)

	Liechtenstein (2002)	Turks and Caicos Islands (2008)

Administrative divisions	11 communes (Gemeinden, singular - Gemeinde); Balzers, Eschen, Gamprin, Mauren, Planken, Ruggell, Schaan, Schellenberg, Triesen, Triesenberg, Vaduz	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	0-14 years: 18.3% (male 3,003; female 3,001) 15-64 years: 70.5% (male 11,530; female 11,639) 65 years and over: 11.2% (male 1,494; female 2,175) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 31.3% (male 3,466/female 3,345) 15-64 years: 64.8% (male 7,398/female 6,690) 65 years and over: 3.9% (male 394/female 453) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	wheat, barley, corn, potatoes; livestock, dairy products	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports	none (2001)	8 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Area	total: 160 sq km land: 160 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The Principality of Liechtenstein was established within the Holy Roman Empire in 1719; it became a sovereign state in 1806. Until the end of World War I, it was closely tied to Austria, but the economic devastation caused by that conflict forced Liechtenstein to conclude a customs and monetary union with Switzerland. Since World War II (in which Liechtenstein remained neutral) the country's low taxes have spurred outstanding economic growth. However, shortcomings in banking regulatory oversight have resulted in concerns about the use of the financial institutions for money laundering.	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.
Birth rate	11.24 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	21.48 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $424.2 million expenditures: $414.1 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million (1997-98 est.)
Capital	Vaduz	name: Grand Turk (Cockburn Town) geographic coordinates: 21 28 N, 71 08 W time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in April; ends last Sunday in October
Climate	continental; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow or rain; cool to moderately warm, cloudy, humid summers	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline	0 km (doubly landlocked)	389 km
Constitution	5 October 1921	Turks and Caicos Islands Constitution Order 2006 (effective 9 August 2006)
Country name	conventional long form: Principality of Liechtenstein conventional short form: Liechtenstein local long form: Fuerstentum Liechtenstein local short form: Liechtenstein	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands abbreviation: TCI
Currency	Swiss franc (CHF)	-
Death rate	6.76 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	4.23 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	$0 (1996) (2001)	$NA
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Liechtenstein, but the US Ambassador to Switzerland is also accredited to Liechtenstein	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Claudia FRITSCHE chancery: 1300 Eye Street NW, Suite 550W, Washington, DC 20005 telephone: [1] (202) 216-0460 FAX: [1] (202) 216-0459	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	Liechtenstein's royal family claims restitution for 1,600 sq km of land in the Czech Republic confiscated in 1918	have received Haitians fleeing economic and civil disorder
Economic aid - recipient	none	$4.1 million (1997)
Economy - overview	Despite its small size and limited natural resources, Liechtenstein has developed into a prosperous, highly industrialized, free-enterprise economy with a vital financial service sector and living standards on a par with the urban areas of its large European neighbors. The Liechtenstein economy is widely diversified with a large number of small businesses. Low business taxes - the maximum tax rate is 20% - and easy incorporation rules have induced a large number of holding or so-called letter box companies to establish nominal offices in Liechtenstein, providing 30% of state revenues. The country participates in a customs union with Switzerland and uses the Swiss franc as its national currency. It imports more than 90% of its energy requirements. Liechtenstein has been a member of the European Economic Area (an organization serving as a bridge between European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and EU) since May 1995. The government is working to harmonize its economic policies with those of an integrated Europe.	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, offshore financial services, and fishing. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than three-quarters of the 175,000 visitors that arrived in 2004. Major sources of government revenue also include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.
Electricity - consumption	313.45 million kWh NA kWh (2001)	10.76 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	NA kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	232.847 million kWh NA kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	-	11.57 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% 98% nuclear: NA% other: NA% 2% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Ruggeller Riet 430 m highest point: Grauspitz 2,599 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues	NA	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Law of the Sea	-
Ethnic groups	Alemannic 86%, Italian, Turkish, and other 14%	black 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%
Exchange rates	Swiss francs per US dollar - 1.6668 (January 2002), 1.6876 (2001), 1.6888 (2000), 1.5022 (1999), 1.4498 (1998), 1.4513 (1997)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Prince HANS ADAM II (since 13 November 1989, assumed executive powers 26 August 1984); Heir Apparent Prince ALOIS, son of the monarch (born 11 June 1968) head of government: Head of Government Otmar HASLER (since 5 April 2001) and Deputy Head of Government Rita KIEBER-BECK (since 5 April 2001) cabinet: Cabinet elected by the Parliament, confirmed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party in the Diet is usually appointed the head of government by the monarch and the leader of the largest minority party in the Diet is usually appointed the deputy head of government by the monarch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Richard TAUWHARE (since 11 July 2005) head of government: Premier Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003); note - the office of premier was created in the 2006 constitution cabinet: Cabinet consists of the governor, the premier, six ministers appointed by the governor from among the members of the House of Assembly, and the attorney general elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed premier by the governor
Exports	$2.47 billion (1996)	0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	small specialty machinery, connectors for audio and video, parts for motor vehicles, dental products, hardware, prepared foodstuffs, electronic equipment, optical products	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners	EU 62.6% (Germany 24.3%, Austria 9.5%, France 8.9%, Italy 6.6%, UK 4.6%), US 18.9%, Switzerland 15.7%	US, UK (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a gold crown on the hoist side of the blue band	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP	purchasing power parity - $730 million (1998 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% 40% services: NA% (1999)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $23,000 (1998 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	4.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates	47 16 N, 9 32 E	21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note	along with Uzbekistan, one of only two doubly landlocked countries in the world; variety of microclimatic variations based on elevation	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Highways	total: 250 km paved: 250 km unpaved: 0 km	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	multilateral organizations engaged in issuing international guidelines for financial sector oversight found gaps in Liechtenstein's financial services controls that made it vulnerable to money laundering, but Liechtenstein has become less attractive as a haven for illicit funds, based on implementation in 2001 of new anti-money-laundering legislation and improved mutual legal assistance cooperation with other countries	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports	$917.3 million (1996)	83.55 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	agricultural products, raw materials, machinery, metal goods, textiles, foodstuffs, motor vehicles	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners	EU countries, Switzerland	US, UK (2006)
Independence	23 January 1719 Imperial Principality of Liechtenstein established; 12 July 1806 established independence from the Holy Roman Empire	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	electronics, metal manufacturing, dental products, ceramics, pharmaceuticals, food products, precision instruments, tourism, optical instruments	tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate	4.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	total: 14.7 deaths/1,000 live births male: 17 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.29 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1% (2001)	4% (1995)
International organization participation	CE, EBRD, ECE, EFTA, IAEA, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WIPO, WTrO	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	44 (Liechtenstein and Switzerland) (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Oberster Gerichtshof; Court of Appeal or Obergericht	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force	28,783 of which 13,847 are foreigners; 8,231 commute from Austria and Switzerland to work each day	4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	industry, trade, and building 48%, services 51%, agriculture, fishing, forestry, and horticulture 1% (37256 est.)	note: about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Land boundaries	total: 76 km border countries: Austria 34.9 km, Switzerland 41.1 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 25% permanent crops: 0% other: 75% (1998 est.)	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (2005)
Languages	German (official), Alemannic dialect	English (official)
Legal system	local civil and penal codes; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch	unicameral Parliament or Landtag (25 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote under proportional representation to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 11 February 2001 (next to be held by NA 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - FBP 49.90%, VU 41.35%, FL 8.71%; seats by party - FBP 13, VU 11, FL 1	unicameral House of Assembly (21 seats of which 15 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 9 February 2007 (next to be held in 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - PNP 60%, PDM 40%; seats by party - PNP 13, PDM 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 79.1 years male: 75.47 years female: 82.74 years (2002 est.)	total population: 74.95 years male: 72.69 years female: 77.32 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 10 and over can read and write total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100% (1981 est.)	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location	Central Europe, between Austria and Switzerland	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references	Europe	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	registered in other countries: 1 (Panama 1) (2007)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Switzerland	defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday	Assumption Day, 15 August	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality	noun: Liechtensteiner(s) adjective: Liechtenstein	noun: none adjective: none
Natural hazards	NA	frequent hurricanes
Natural resources	hydroelectric potential, arable land	spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate	4.93 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	9.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
People - note	-	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, and the US
Political parties and leaders	Fatherland Union or VU [Dr. Heinz FROMMELT]; Progressive Citizens' Party or FBP [Johannes MATT]; The Free List or FL [Dr. Pepo FRICK, Karin JENNY, Rene HASLER]	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Floyd SEYMOUR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	32,842 (July 2002 est.)	21,746 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	0.94% (2002 est.)	2.722% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	none	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2003)
Radios	21,000 (1997)	-
Railways	total: 18.5 km standard gauge: 18.5 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified) note: owned, operated, and included in statistics of Austrian Federal Railways (2001)	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 76.2%, Protestant 7%, unknown 10.6%, other 6.2% (June 2002)	Baptist 40%, Anglican 18%, Methodist 16%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.01 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.036 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.106 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 1.073 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: automatic telephone system domestic: NA international: linked to Swiss networks by cable and microwave radio relay	general assessment: fully digital system with international direct dialing domestic: full range of services available; GSM wireless service available international: country code - 1-649; the Americas Region Caribbean Ring System (ARCOS-1) fiber optic telecommunications submarine cable provides connectivity to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and US; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	20,072 (2000)	5,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	1,700 (1999)
Television broadcast stations	NA (linked to Swiss networks) (1997)	0 (broadcasts received from The Bahamas; 2 cable television networks) (2003)
Terrain	mostly mountainous (Alps) with Rhine Valley in western third	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate	1.5 children born/woman (2002 est.)	3.02 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	1.3% (1999)	10% (1997 est.)
Waterways	none	-

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